Abscess

An abscess is a painful collection of pus that forms in the body when an area becomes infected. It can occur in various parts of the body, including the skin, mouth, or internal organs. The immune system responds to infection by sending white blood cells to fight bacteria or other germs, which leads to the buildup of pus. This causes swelling, redness, and tenderness in the affected area. An abscess can interfere with normal body functions depending on its location and may cause fever or general illness. It is important to identify and treat an abscess to prevent the infection from spreading or causing further complications.

An abscess is a localized collection of purulent material within tissue, typically caused by a bacterial infection, most commonly Staphylococcus aureus. It results from the body's immune response to contain the infection by forming a fibrous capsule around the pus. The core pathology involves tissue necrosis and accumulation of neutrophils, bacteria, and cellular debris. Clinically, abscesses present with localized pain, erythema, swelling, and fluctuance. Systemic signs such as fever and leukocytosis may be present if the infection is severe or spreading. Abscesses are significant because they can cause tissue destruction, systemic infection, and require drainage for resolution.