Choledocholithiasis

Choledocholithiasis is a condition where gallstones form or become lodged in the common bile duct, which is part of the digestive system. This duct carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the small intestine, helping with digestion. When stones block this duct, it can cause pain, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), and problems with digestion. The blockage can also lead to infections or inflammation in the bile ducts or pancreas. This condition mainly affects the liver, gallbladder, and digestive tract and can cause serious complications if untreated.

Choledocholithiasis is defined as the presence of one or more gallstones within the common bile duct. These stones typically originate from the gallbladder and migrate into the duct, causing partial or complete obstruction. The obstruction leads to impaired bile flow, resulting in biliary colic, jaundice, and potential complications such as cholangitis or pancreatitis. The condition is a common cause of obstructive jaundice and can present with elevated liver function tests including alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin. Diagnosis and management are critical to prevent severe infections and biliary damage.