Osteoma

Osteoma is a benign bone growth that most commonly affects the skull and facial bones. It involves the abnormal formation of dense, compact bone tissue, usually growing slowly over time. This condition primarily affects the skeletal system, particularly the bones of the head and neck. Most people with an osteoma do not experience symptoms, but larger growths can cause pain, visible lumps, or pressure on nearby structures. Osteomas are often discovered incidentally during imaging for other reasons. While generally harmless, they can sometimes interfere with normal function depending on their size and location.

Osteoma is a benign, slow-growing tumor composed of mature, compact or cancellous bone. It arises from the periosteum or the endosteum and is most frequently found in the craniofacial bones, especially the frontal sinus and mandible. The exact cause is unknown but may involve reactive bone formation following trauma or inflammation. Osteomas are characterized by well-demarcated, dense bony masses that do not invade surrounding tissues. Clinically, they are significant due to potential cosmetic deformity or compression of adjacent structures such as the orbit or nasal cavity. Histologically, they consist of lamellar bone with osteocytes in lacunae. They are distinct from malignant bone tumors by their slow growth and lack of aggressive features.