Strabismus

Strabismus is a condition where the eyes do not properly align with each other when looking at an object. It affects the muscles controlling eye movement, causing one eye to turn inward, outward, upward, or downward while the other eye looks straight ahead. This misalignment can lead to double vision or difficulty with depth perception. The condition involves the visual system, particularly the coordination between the eyes and the brain. It often develops in childhood but can occur at any age. If untreated, it may cause amblyopia or permanent vision loss in the affected eye. Early detection is important to prevent long-term vision problems.

Strabismus is a disorder characterized by the misalignment of the eyes due to an imbalance in the extraocular muscle function or their neural control. It results from dysfunction in the cranial nerves III, IV, or VI, or abnormalities in the extraocular muscles themselves. The condition can be classified as esotropia (inward deviation), exotropia (outward deviation), hypertropia (upward deviation), or hypotropia (downward deviation). It disrupts binocular vision and can lead to suppression of the deviated eye's input, causing amblyopia if untreated during the critical period of visual development. Strabismus may be congenital or acquired due to trauma, neurological disease, or systemic conditions. It is clinically significant because it impairs depth perception and can cause cosmetic concerns.