Bilirubin and Jaundice
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Bilirubin and Jaundice conditions
Benign Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia (Physiologic Jaundice)Benign neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (physiologic jaundice) is a common newborn condition caused by increased bilirubin production and immature liver conjugation.Breast Milk JaundiceBreast Milk Jaundice is a benign neonatal hyperbilirubinemia caused by substances in breast milk that inhibit bilirubin conjugation, typically appearing after the first week.Breastfeeding Failure JaundiceBreastfeeding failure jaundice occurs in newborns due to inadequate milk intake causing dehydration and increased enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin.Conjugated (Direct) HyperbilirubinemiaConjugated (Direct) Hyperbilirubinemia involves elevated direct bilirubin due to impaired hepatic excretion, causing jaundice and dark urine with normal or elevated liver enzymes.Crigler-Najjar Syndrome, Type ICrigler-Najjar Syndrome Type I is a rare genetic disorder causing severe unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia due to complete UDP-glucuronosyltransferase deficiency.Dubin-Johnson SyndromeDubin-Johnson Syndrome is a rare inherited disorder causing conjugated hyperbilirubinemia due to defective hepatic bilirubin excretion, often with dark liver pigmentation.Gilbert SyndromeGilbert Syndrome is a benign inherited disorder causing mild unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia due to reduced UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity.Mixed HyperbilirubinemiaMixed hyperbilirubinemia involves elevated conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin levels, often indicating combined hepatocellular injury and cholestasis.Rotor SyndromeRotor Syndrome is a rare benign inherited disorder causing chronic conjugated hyperbilirubinemia due to impaired hepatic bilirubin storage and excretion.Unconjugated (Indirect) HyperbilirubinemiaUnconjugated (indirect) hyperbilirubinemia results from impaired bilirubin conjugation or increased production, often causing elevated indirect bilirubin levels in blood.