Congenital and Cystic Kidney
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Congenital and Cystic Kidney conditions
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD)Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) causes progressive kidney cysts leading to hypertension and renal failure, often linked to PKD1 or PKD2 mutations.Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease (ARPKD)Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease (ARPKD) is a genetic disorder causing cystic dilation of renal collecting ducts and congenital hepatic fibrosis.Congenital Solitary Functioning KidneyCongenital solitary functioning kidney is a developmental anomaly where one kidney is absent or nonfunctional, often detected by compensatory hypertrophy on imaging.Duplex Collecting SystemA duplex collecting system is a congenital renal anomaly where two ureters drain a single kidney, often diagnosed by recurrent urinary tract infections or hydronephrosis.Horseshoe KidneyHorseshoe kidney is a congenital condition where the lower poles of the kidneys fuse, causing altered anatomy and potential urinary tract obstruction or infection.Multicystic Dysplastic KidneyMulticystic dysplastic kidney is a congenital renal malformation characterized by nonfunctional cystic kidney tissue and absence of normal renal parenchyma.Potter SequencePotter Sequence results from fetal renal agenesis causing oligohydramnios, leading to characteristic facial features and pulmonary hypoplasia.Simple vs Complex Renal CystsSimple renal cysts are benign fluid-filled sacs, while complex cysts have septations or calcifications, raising concern for malignancy risk.Unilateral Renal AgenesisUnilateral renal agenesis is a congenital absence of one kidney often detected by compensatory hypertrophy of the contralateral kidney on imaging.