Parathyroid and Calcium

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Parathyroid and Calcium conditions

Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia (FHH)Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia (FHH) is a benign inherited disorder causing mild hypercalcemia with low urinary calcium excretion due to calcium-sensing receptor mutations.Osteitis Fibrosa CysticaOsteitis Fibrosa Cystica is a bone disorder caused by hyperparathyroidism leading to increased osteoclast activity and characteristic cystic bone lesions.Primary HyperparathyroidismPrimary hyperparathyroidism causes hypercalcemia due to excessive parathyroid hormone secretion, often from a parathyroid adenoma, impacting calcium regulation.Pseudohypoparathyroidism Type 1APseudohypoparathyroidism Type 1A causes resistance to parathyroid hormone leading to hypocalcemia and Albright hereditary osteodystrophy features.PseudopseudohypoparathyroidismPseudopseudohypoparathyroidism mimics Albright hereditary osteodystrophy with normal calcium and PTH levels due to GNAS gene imprinting defects.Secondary HyperparathyroidismSecondary hyperparathyroidism is characterized by elevated parathyroid hormone due to chronic kidney disease causing hypocalcemia and phosphate retention.Tertiary HyperparathyroidismTertiary hyperparathyroidism is persistent parathyroid hormone overproduction after long-standing secondary hyperparathyroidism, often causing hypercalcemia.

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