Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) is a condition affecting the hip joint in infants and young children. It occurs when the hip socket does not fully cover the ball of the upper thigh bone, causing the joint to be unstable or dislocated. This can lead to problems with walking, pain, and uneven leg length as the child grows. The condition involves the musculoskeletal system, specifically the bones and ligaments around the hip. Early detection is important because untreated DDH can result in long-term joint damage and arthritis. The main health impact is difficulty with normal hip function and mobility.

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) is a spectrum of disorders characterized by abnormal development of the hip joint, including acetabular dysplasia, subluxation, or dislocation of the femoral head. It results from a combination of genetic and mechanical factors leading to insufficient coverage of the femoral head by the acetabulum. The condition is most commonly diagnosed in infancy and is associated with ligamentous laxity, breech presentation, and family history. The major clinical significance lies in the risk of early-onset osteoarthritis and impaired gait if untreated. Physical examination findings include limited hip abduction and positive Barlow or Ortolani maneuvers. Imaging with ultrasound in infants or X-ray in older children confirms the diagnosis.