Hydrocephalus (Noncommunicating)

Hydrocephalus (Noncommunicating) is a condition where there is a blockage in the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the brain's ventricles, which are fluid-filled spaces. This blockage causes fluid to build up, leading to increased pressure inside the skull. The condition affects the brain and can cause symptoms like headaches, nausea, and problems with balance or vision. It is different from other types of hydrocephalus because the fluid cannot flow freely between the ventricles and the rest of the brain. This buildup of fluid can damage brain tissue and affect normal brain function. Early detection is important to prevent serious complications.

Hydrocephalus (Noncommunicating), also known as obstructive hydrocephalus, is characterized by impaired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow due to a physical obstruction within the ventricular system, commonly at the aqueduct of Sylvius or foramina of Monro. This obstruction leads to ventricular dilation proximal to the blockage and increased intracranial pressure. The condition results from congenital malformations, tumors, cysts, or inflammatory processes causing mechanical blockage. It is distinguished from communicating hydrocephalus, where CSF absorption is impaired but flow between ventricles remains intact. Clinically, it presents with signs of increased intracranial pressure, such as headache, vomiting, papilledema, and altered mental status. Untreated, it can cause irreversible brain damage and neurological deficits.