Tabes Dorsalis

Tabes dorsalis is a late complication of untreated syphilis, a bacterial infection caused by Treponema pallidum. It primarily affects the nervous system, specifically the spinal cord's dorsal columns and dorsal roots. This damage leads to problems with coordination, balance, and sensory perception, causing symptoms like unsteady walking and sharp, shooting pains. People with this condition may also experience bladder dysfunction and vision problems. The disease progresses slowly and can severely impact daily activities due to loss of sensation and muscle control.

Tabes dorsalis is a form of neurosyphilis characterized by demyelination and degeneration of the dorsal columns and dorsal roots of the spinal cord. It results from chronic infection with Treponema pallidum following untreated or inadequately treated tertiary syphilis. The hallmark pathology is loss of proprioception and vibratory sense, leading to sensory ataxia and a positive Romberg sign. Patients often present with lightning-like lancinating pains, Argyll Robertson pupils, and bladder disturbances. The condition reflects posterior column dysfunction and is a classic example of a tabetic gait. It is important due to its disabling neurological sequelae and its association with systemic syphilitic infection.