Open-Angle Glaucoma

Open-Angle Glaucoma is a common eye condition that affects the optic nerve, which is crucial for vision. It occurs when the fluid inside the eye does not drain properly, leading to increased pressure within the eye. This pressure can damage the optic nerve over time, causing gradual loss of peripheral vision. People with this condition often do not notice symptoms until significant vision loss has occurred. It primarily affects the visual system and can lead to blindness if untreated. Regular eye exams are important for early detection because the disease progresses slowly and painlessly.

Open-Angle Glaucoma is a chronic, progressive optic neuropathy characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells and their axons, leading to characteristic optic disc cupping and visual field defects. It is most commonly caused by impaired aqueous humor outflow through the trabecular meshwork despite an open anterior chamber angle, resulting in elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). The condition is typically bilateral but may be asymmetric. It is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and is often asymptomatic until advanced stages. Risk factors include increased IOP, age, family history, and African or Hispanic ancestry. Diagnosis relies on clinical examination and functional testing to detect optic nerve damage and visual field loss.