Gastroschisis

Gastroschisis is a birth defect where a baby’s intestines develop outside the body through a hole next to the belly button. This condition affects the digestive system and can cause problems with digestion and nutrient absorption. The exposed intestines are not covered by skin, making them vulnerable to injury and infection. It usually occurs on the right side of the abdomen and is visible at birth. Babies with gastroschisis often need surgery soon after birth to place the intestines back inside the abdomen. The condition can lead to complications like intestinal damage or difficulty feeding. Early diagnosis and treatment are important for the baby’s health.

Gastroschisis is a congenital abdominal wall defect characterized by herniation of the intestines through a paraumbilical defect, typically to the right of the umbilicus, without a protective peritoneal sac. The defect results from failure of the lateral body wall folds to close during embryonic development, leading to direct exposure of the bowel to amniotic fluid. This exposure causes inflammation and thickening of the bowel wall, which can impair intestinal function. Unlike omphalocele, the defect in gastroschisis is not covered by a membrane and is usually isolated without associated chromosomal abnormalities. The condition is clinically significant due to risks of intestinal atresia, volvulus, and necrosis, which can cause severe morbidity. Prompt surgical intervention is required to reduce the herniated bowel and close the abdominal wall defect.