Fibroadenoma

Fibroadenoma is a common benign breast lump that typically occurs in young women. It involves the breast tissue, specifically the glandular and fibrous components. These lumps are usually painless, firm, and movable under the skin. They do not cause cancer but can cause concern due to their presence. The main health impact is the formation of a noticeable breast mass that may fluctuate in size with hormonal changes. Most fibroadenomas do not affect overall breast function or health. They are often discovered during routine breast exams or self-exams.

Fibroadenoma is a benign breast tumor characterized by a proliferation of both stromal and epithelial components of the terminal duct lobular unit. It is the most common benign breast neoplasm in women under 30 years old and is thought to arise from an abnormal response to estrogen stimulation. The lesion is typically well-circumscribed, mobile, and rubbery on physical exam. Histologically, it shows a biphasic pattern with fibrous stroma surrounding and compressing glandular elements. Clinically, it is significant because it can mimic malignant tumors but has no malignant potential. It is important to distinguish fibroadenomas from other breast masses to avoid unnecessary aggressive treatment.