Sclerosing Adenosis

Sclerosing Adenosis is a benign breast condition that affects the breast tissue, specifically the lobules where milk is produced. It involves an increase in the number of glands and surrounding connective tissue, which can cause the breast to feel lumpy or tender. This condition is part of a group of changes called fibrocystic breast changes and is not cancerous. However, it can sometimes cause discomfort and may be mistaken for breast cancer during physical exams or imaging tests. The main health impact is usually related to breast pain or a palpable lump, prompting further evaluation. It primarily affects women in their reproductive years or around menopause. Understanding this condition helps differentiate it from more serious breast diseases.

Sclerosing Adenosis is a benign proliferative lesion of the breast characterized by an increased number of acini per lobule with associated stromal fibrosis and sclerosis. The pathogenesis involves hyperplasia of both glandular and myoepithelial cells within the terminal duct lobular unit, leading to lobular enlargement and distortion. It is considered a form of fibrocystic change and may present clinically with a palpable mass or breast pain. Histologically, it shows lobular expansion with compressed, distorted acini surrounded by dense fibrous stroma. Although benign, it can mimic carcinoma clinically and radiologically, making accurate diagnosis critical. It is associated with a slightly increased risk of developing breast cancer compared to the general population. The lesion is most commonly found in premenopausal women and is often detected incidentally on biopsy.