Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (Breast)

Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC) is a type of breast cancer that starts in the milk-producing glands called lobules. It affects the breast tissue and can spread to other parts of the body if not treated. Unlike some other breast cancers, ILC often grows in a single-file pattern, making it harder to detect on physical exams and imaging. This cancer may cause changes in breast shape or texture but often does not form a distinct lump. Early detection is important because it can influence treatment options and outcomes. The main health impact is the potential for the cancer to invade nearby tissues and metastasize to distant organs.

Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC) is a malignant neoplasm arising from the lobular epithelium of the breast, characterized by the infiltration of small, uniform tumor cells in a single-file pattern through the stroma. It is the second most common type of breast cancer after invasive ductal carcinoma, accounting for approximately 10-15% of cases. The pathogenesis often involves loss of E-cadherin expression due to mutations or epigenetic silencing of the CDH1 gene, leading to decreased cell adhesion and increased invasiveness. Clinically, ILC tends to present with subtle findings and may involve both breasts. It has a distinct metastatic pattern, frequently spreading to the peritoneum, gastrointestinal tract, and ovaries. The diagnosis and management of ILC are critical due to its unique histopathological features and clinical behavior.