Uterine Rupture

A uterine rupture is a serious condition where the wall of the uterus tears during pregnancy or labor. This affects the reproductive system and can cause severe pain and heavy bleeding. It most often happens in women who have had previous uterine surgery, such as a cesarean section. The tear can lead to the baby moving into the mother's abdomen, which is dangerous for both. Symptoms include sudden abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and changes in the baby's heartbeat. This condition requires immediate medical attention to protect the health of both mother and baby.

Uterine rupture is a full-thickness tear of the uterine wall, often occurring during labor, that disrupts the integrity of the uterus. It typically results from mechanical stress on a scarred uterus, most commonly from a prior cesarean section or uterine surgery. The rupture can lead to catastrophic maternal hemorrhage, fetal distress, and potential fetal expulsion into the peritoneal cavity. Clinically, it presents with sudden onset of intense abdominal pain, loss of fetal station, abnormal fetal heart rate patterns, and vaginal bleeding. It is a life-threatening obstetric emergency requiring rapid diagnosis and intervention. Risk factors include a history of classical cesarean incision, multiple uterine surgeries, and labor induction with prostaglandins or oxytocin.